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There are seven fundamental methods of directly transforming other forms of
energy into electrical energy:
§
Static electricity, from the physical separation and
transport of charge (examples: triboelectric
effect and lightning)
§
Electromagnetic Induction, where an electrical
generator, dynamo or alternator transforms generator kinetic energy (energy of motion) into electricity. This
is the most used form for generating electricity and is based on Faraday's
law. It can be
experimented by simply rotating a magnet within closed loop of a conducting
material (e.g. copper wire)
§
Electrochemistry, the direct transformation of chemical energy into electricity, as in a battery, fuel cell or nerve impulse.
§
Photoelectric effect, the transformation of light into
electrical energy, as in solar cells
§
Thermoelectric effect, the direct conversion of temperature
differences to electricity, as in thermocouples, thermopiles, and thermionic
converters.
§
Piezoelectric effect, from the mechanical strain of
electrically anisotropic molecules or crystals. Researchers at
the US Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley
Lab) have developed a piezoelectric generator sufficient to operate a liquid crystal
display using thin films of M13 bacteriophage .
§
Nuclear transformation, the creation and acceleration of
charged particles (examples: betavoltaics or alpha particle emission)
§
Ocean Wave Energy Conversion,in this method electrical energy is
produced from floating thing(like ball type shape) over the waves these are
connected to piston,duenwhich piston moves up and down motion and cause
generator to run.
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